(i) The changing relationship of man with the environment from prehistoric to modern times can be divided into four phases.

(a) Hunting and food gathering.

(b) Animal domestication and pastoralism. 

(c) Plant domestication and agriculture. 

(d) Science technology and industrialisation.

(ii) A community has its own composition, structure, and development history. Environment and society are closely related and interdependent. Different social groups and social structures like industrial, agricultural, political, cultural, religious and aesthetic etc. have evolved and developed during various stages of development of human civilization and these social structures represent man's accumulated cultural resources primarily based on the natural environment. Environment has been changing over a period of time due to:

(i) Variations in climatic and physiographic factors. and

(ii) The activities of the species of communities themselves.

These influences bring about a marked change in the dominance of the existing community. Human behaviour has been known by its characteristics, social organisation, social processes, economy and culture depending upon geographical environment. Density and distribution of population, social differentiation, cultural variations, character of economic, political, social, religious organisation and all social phenomena contribute in the making of the socio-sphere.