The HGP will enable the scientist to know for the first time how a chromosome looks like and its entire constituents. The knowledge that will emanate from the project will be used for centuries to come. The discovery of the genetic make up of chromosome will surpass any other discoveries of the past. It has more implications than sending on the moon and can be compared to the invention of wheel, that changed the world. Scientists are yet to know full implications of the knowledge that may be generated by the project. At present the scientist are optimistic about the application of the knowledge in the following cases:
(i) At present human beings suffer from a large number of inherited diseases which have no remedy. Disorder in a simple gene can give rise to 3000 different hereditary disorders, many of which cripple millions of healthy and productive lives and others are not so pronounced.
(ii) The cause of the dreaded disease – the cancer may soon be unfolded with the identification of the cancer gene.
(iii) The genomic study will help understand why human beings differ in physical structure, colour, height and why some are resistant to certain diseases and other are not.
(iv) Why human races are different in response to environmental tolerance, food habit, mental apptitude and why some races are more prone or resistant t certain diseases.
(v) The final frontier of genomic study is to understand the mystery that lie in the fertilized egg. How the fertilized egg knows to give rise to so many different types of cells to produce different organs like brain, muscles, vessels, heart, lungs skin, eyes etc. and the genes responsible for such differentiation.
(vi) To utilise the knowledge to improve health of people and to make a healthy society.
