The abiotic factors that influences the growth and development in plants are – temperature, water, light and soil.
Temperature: The most ecologically relevant environmental factor is temperature. The average temperature on land varies seasonally, decreases progressively from equator towards the poise and from plains to the mountain tops. The temperature tolerance in plants varies with places. As without temperature organism can not survive likewise excess temperature is also harmful for plants.
Water: After temperature, water is the most important factor influencing the life of organism. In the process of growth and development a particular amount of water is essential which take part in the process of photosynthesis. The productivity and distribution of plant is also heavily dependent upon water.
Light: Light is also very important factor which is very much essential for photosynthesis. Sunlight is source of energy for plants. Many plants depend on sunlight to meet their photoperiodic requirement for flowering.
Soil: This is the part where plants anchor and keep themselves upright. The nature and properties of soil in different places vary and so the type of plant grow there also varies. The soil type also depends on soil unlike other products directly on food.