According to the formation of mountains they have been classified as:

1. Fold Mountains: These are formed in the rock strata by the internal earth movements and mountain range classifying uplifted folded sedimentary rocks are called gold mountains. The Himalayas are in Asia, and the Alps in Europe are examples of these mountains.

2. Block Mountains: These are formed by the internal earth movements. When the land between two almost parallel faults is raised above the adjoining area it forms a block mountain. Block mountain is also called Horst. The Black Forest Mountain of Germany is an example of this type.

3. Volcanic Mountain: The mountains formed by the accumulation of volcanic material are called volcanic mountains or mountains of accumulation. Due to high temperatures deep inside the earth rocks turn into molten magma. When this magma is ejected to the earth's surface during volcanic eruption it accumulates around the vent and may take the form of a mountain. These are called volcanic mountains. Mount Mauna Loa in Hawaii, Mount Popa In Myanmar are the examples.

4. Residual Mountains: The elevated regions that have escaped weathering and erosion and appear in the form of mountains are called residual mountains. These are formed by the weathering and erosion agents. As soon as an elevated mountain range appears on the earth the agents of gradation begin to work on leveling it down. After thousands of years soft rocks are warm down into sand and the hard rocks are left standing up in the area that has been reduced in height. These are called residual mountains. Nilgiri hills and the Raj Mahal hills of India are the examples of these types of mountains.