The term “developmental task”, refers to those problems that individuals typically face at different periods during their life. An infant or a small child must master the complexities of learning to walk, learning to talk, and controlling the elimination of waste products of the body. In middle childhood such skills as learning to play games and learning to read become of major importance.

The major challenge face during adolescence are given below:

(i) Sexual Orientation: It refers to an individual’s pattern of physical and emotional arousal towards other persons. Heterosexual individuals are attracted to persons of the opposite sex. Adolescents become conscious of their sexual

orientation and it may become difficult for him/her to accept that his/her sexual orientation is different from that of peers.

(ii) Gender identity: It refers to a perception of one's own gender which may or may not correspond to their birth sex. It is affected by gender role expectations from society. Some adolescents may show traits associated with the other gender

causing adjustment problems. Bern's test to assess gender identity suggests traits of masculinity like assertiveness,

dominance, self-sufficiency, etc., and of femininity is nurturance, empathy, etc. When teenagers are inhibited from

behaving in a wave that is natural for behaving in a way that is natural for him/her, they may become timid or rebellious.