Explanation of the methods of Securing Minority Representation System other than the Proportional.

Representation: Apart from proportional representation, some other electoral methods adequate I have also been devised to ensure representation to the minority groups in the legislature. These systems of minority representation are as follows:

1. Cumulative Vote System:

(a) According to this system a voter has as many votes as the number of seats in the constituency. The voters has options. He or she can caste vote for all the candidates or concentrate all his or her votes for just one candidate.

(b) Example: If 5 members are to be elected, the voter may give his or her vote to only one candidate or distribute it among a few or all candidates. This system, therefore, may provide an opportunity to a well-organised minority to elect its representative by cumulating all its votes in favour of its own candidate.

2. Limited Vote Plan: (a) This system is adopted in a multi-member constituency from where a minimum of 3 candidates are to be elected. Under this system every voter can vote for more than one candidate, but he or she cannot vote for all the candidates. That is why it is known as the limited vote system.

(b) Example: If there are 6 seats in a constituency, every voter will have right to vote the only for 4 candidates. The voter has to vote for different candidates of his or her choice, but he or she cannot vote for more than 4 candidates.