The factors which affect climate of a place are as under:
1. Latitude or distance from the equator: Equator receives maximum temperature due to the vertical fall of rays of sun. Show the places near the equator are warmer than polar regions.
2. Altitude or height from the mean sea level: The temperature decreases with the height of place that is why Mountains are cooler than the plans. Shimla is cooler than Jalandhar located on the same latitude.
3. The distance from the sea: Water text longer time to heat and longer time to cool. Due to the moderating effect of the sea, places near the coast have a low range of temperature and high humidity. The places far from the sun have a higher range of temperature.
4. Nature of prevailing winds: The on-shore wind brings the moisture from the sea and causes rainfall on the area through which they pass. The off-shore wins coming from the land and dry and help in the evaporation.
5. Direction of Mountain chains: As The monster Laden wins strike and mountain and give heavy rainfall on the windward slope of the mountains. The Himalayas check the moisture Laden winds crossing over Tibet. That is why Northern Plains get heavy rainfall.
6. Ocean currents: The ocean currents have their effect on the climate. The winds passing over a warm current carry warm air and raise the temperature of the regions and winds blowing over cold current carry cold air and down the temperature of inland areas and create fog and mist.
7. Nature of the soil and vegetation cover: The bare surface radiates the heat easily, the forest areas have lower range of temperature throughout the year in contrast to non-forest areas.
8. Slope and aspect: The concentration of heat becomes more on a gentler slope and raises the temperature of air above them. Its lesser concentration along steeper slopes lower the temperature. Mountain slopes facing the sun are warmer than the slopes are away from the Sun.
