The difference features of effective communication are:

(i) Common frame of reference: The sender and the receiver should interact at a common level of understanding. When a mother speaks to her child she uses words which are present in the child’s vocabulary e.g. a scolding tone, if the child has been naughty or a concerned tone when the child is unwell. But while

speaking to her sister she will use different words, phrases and tones depending upon the context. Thus a common level of understanding is essential for effective Communication.

(ii) Mutual interest: Contents of the communication must be of mutual interest to the sender and receiver. For a farmer how the Stock Market operates is of no interest as his concern is about the quality of seeds and manure or the effect of climate changes on the crops.

(iii) Common Language: Language is the strongest means of verbal communication. A common language ensures effective communication. Because it ensures minimum misunderstanding of words, phrases, idioms and proverbs.

(iv) Common environment: People from similar backgrounds understand the message without much problem. Thus common nationality, economic status, culture, social interests, age group and professions are some examples. Can you make a list of the other common issues? You must have noted how it is easier to talk to people from your own religious group, class or town.