The State Legislature: States have two types of legislatures - Unicameral and Bicameral. Five states - Bihar, U.P. Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Jammu and

Kashmir has a bicameral Legislature while the legislatures in the remaining states are unicameral. In states which have a unicameral legislature, there is only one house known as Legislative Assembly. In those states which have Bicameral legislatures, the other House is called Legislative Council. The Constitution provides that if the Legislative Assembly of the concerned state resolves by an absolute majority of its total membership and two- third majority of the members present and voting, then the Parliament will by a law, create or abolish the legislative in that state. 

The Power and Functions of State legislature are as follows:

(1) Legislative Powers: The State Legislature makes laws on those subjects which have been given in the state list and concurrent list. 

(2) Financial Powers: The annual budget of the state is passed by the legislature. The Government cannot impose any tax or spend any money without the approval of the legislature. Thus, the legislature exercises great control over the finances of the state.

(3) Control over Executive: The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the legislature. The members of the legislature can ask questions from the ministers which they must answer. The Legislative Assembly can remove the ministry by passing a vote of no-confidence against it.

(4) Electoral Functions: (i) Elected members of Legislative Assembly participate in the election of the President of India.

(ii) One-third members of the Legislative Council are elected by the members of the Legislative Assembly of that state.

(5) Amendment of the constitution: For amending certain provisions of the constitution, the consent of at least fifty per cent state legislatures is necessary.