Organizing is a process of structuring the essential relationships among the people, tasks, and other activities. This is done in a way that the organization's resources are integrated and are coordinated to accomplish the objectives efficiently and effectively. The organizing process involves structuring an organization to achieve its goals by identifying work, grouping tasks, establishing hierarchies, delegating authority, and coordinating efforts.
The following steps are to be undertaken in the organising process.
(i) Identification and Division of Work: The first step in the process of organising involves identifying and dividing the work that has to be done in accordance with previously determined plans. Work is divided into manageable tasks so that duplication can be avoided and workload can be shared among employees.
(ii) Departmentalisation: Once, work has been divided into small and manageable activities, then those activities which are similar in nature, are grouped together. This process is called departmentalisation. Departments can be created on the basis of products, functions and territory.
(iii) Assignment of Duties: Once the departments are created, each department is placed under the charge of an individual, called departmental head. Then, each job is allocated to an individual, according to his knowledge and skill. There should be a proper match between the nature of jobs and the ability of an individual.
(iv) Establishing Reporting Relationships: In the organisation, each employee has some authority as well as responsibility. It is necessary that every individual must know whom he has to take orders from and to whom he is answerable. This creates a superior subordinate hierarchy and helps in coordinating various activities in the organisation.
