Literature in Modern India: 

(i) Great Indians, such as Raja Rama Mohan Roy, Swami Dayananda Sarswati, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, Swami Vivekanand and Mahatma Gandhi and many others turned their attention to a critical examination of Indian social practices, such as Brahminical rituals, caste rigidity, of the widows and women and came out with ideas to week the Indian Culture its dead wood. These led to great social and religious awakening and produced literature in different regional Indian languages.

(ii) Many Sanskrit works have been translated into English and other Indian languages. Widespread English Education has also introduced new ideology and western thought into the literature of regional languages. Various branches of literature-novel, story, drama, essay, and poetry-were enriched. With the advent of the 20th century, national awakening and freedom struggle introduced the sentiment of patriotism into Indian literature. Today we see in our literature, an attitude of realism and an enlarged global vision.

(iii) National spirit and patriotism deeply impressed the evolution of modern literature and consequently some of the best works were composed in this period. Rabindra Nath Tagore, Subramanyam Bharati, Dinkar, Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, to name only a few, belong to a galaxy of powerful writers whose works have already entered the realm of heritage and were pioneers in this field.