The process of acquiring norms, values and beliefs, which are considered significant in a society, is called socialisation. It is the process of transmitting cultural values, preferences and patterns of behaviour to children. This is done by various processes, institutions and people. Socialisation involves regulating children’s behaviour and disciplining their undesirable or inappropriate behavioural tendencies. Parents, families, children’s peer groups, schools, religious institutions and mass media such as television are some important agents of socialisation. They influence the process of child rearing directly as well as indirectly and reinforce culturally appropriate modes of thought and behaviour. Early childhood is a crucial period of development because during this period children

learn a great deal about the norms, conventions and practices in their families, society and culture. They acquire language and learn the fundamentals of culture. 

The primary socialisation agents during this period are the family members. Middle childhood is the time when influence of peers and school becomes prominent, though family context remains important. The effect of media such as television and computers is undeniable. This is the time when social stereotypes and prejudices are most likely to develop. Much research has been done on the impact of parenting styles on the socialisation of the child.