I. The Composition of the Constituent Assembly of India: A Constituent Assembly framed the Constitution of our country. There were 308 members in it. The Constituent Assembly unanimously elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad as its Chairman. Shri B.N. Rai was the constitutional advisor of the Constituent Assembly. The Assembly constituted a Drafting Committee which consisted of seven members. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee.

II. Working of the Constituent Assembly: The Constituent Assembly had set itself for the task of preparing a constitution of free India. It started meeting on 9 December 1946. The Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar completed its work on 26 November 1949. The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January, 1950, when India became a Republic. Every year we celebrate 15 August as the Independence Day and 26 January as the Republic Day.

The task of Assembly was outlined by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru in his speech moving the Objectives Resolution in on 13 December, 1946. In the resolution proposed, the Assembly expressed its firm and solemn resolve to proclaim India as an Independent Sovereign Republic comprising British India, Indian Princely States and other territories willing to be constituted into the Independent Sovereign India. The Assembly declared that justice: social, economic and political, equality of status, of opportunity, and before the law; freedom of expression, thought, believe, faith, worship, vocations, association and action shall be guaranteed and secured to all the people of India.